FLAT FEET / FLAT FOOT

FLAT FEET/ FLAT FOOT

Flat Feet: Understanding the Condition and Treatment Options

If flat feet are causing you discomfort or pain, reach out to Ryan Foot and Ankle Clinic. We have five convenient locations in Charlotte, Concord, and Harrisburg. Call today to learn more or schedule an appointment with one of our experienced podiatrists.

What Are Flat Feet (Flat Foot)?

Flat feet, also known as fallen arches, occur when the arches on the inside of your feet are flattened, allowing the entire sole of your foot to touch the ground when you stand. While flat feet can be present at birth, they can also develop over time due to various factors. Contributing Factors to Flat Feet Include:

Genetics

A hereditary predisposition to flat feet.

Obesity

Excess weight puts additional pressure on the arches, leading to their collapse.

Pregnancy

Hormonal changes and weight gain during pregnancy can cause the arches to flatten.

Arthritis

Inflammatory conditions can weaken the tendons that support the arch.

Injury to the Posterior Tibial Tendon

This tendon supports the arch, and injury can lead to a collapsed arch.

Broken Bones in the Foot

Fractures can alter the structure and support of the foot, resulting in flat feet.

Diabetes

This condition can affect circulation and nerve function, increasing the risk of foot deformities.

Symptoms, Deformity, and Disability Related to Flat Feet

People with flat feet may experience varying degrees of symptoms, ranging from mild discomfort to significant disability. Common characteristics of flat feet include:

Turned-in Ankles

The heel tilts outward, causing the ankle to roll inward (overpronation).

Toe Drift

The toes and forefoot point outward, affecting gait and balance.

Pain and Fatigue

Flat feet can cause foot and calf pain, as well as tired, aching feet. The discomfort may extend to the legs and back.

Overpronation

This gait pattern can lead to stress on the plantar fascia, inflammation, and other foot problems.

What Is Flexible Flat Foot?

Flexible flat foot is one of the most common types of flat feet. In this condition, the foot appears flat when standing but the arch returns when there is no weight on the foot. This condition typically begins in childhood and can persist into adulthood, often affecting both feet.

As you age, the tendons and ligaments that support the arch may stretch or tear, leading to inflammation and pain. In the later stages, arthritis may develop, causing the foot and arch to become stiff. Symptoms of Flexible Flat Foot Include:

Shin Splints

Pain along the shinbone due to overpronation.

Turned-in Ankles

The inward roll of the ankle.

Leg and Foot Fatigue

Tiredness and discomfort in the legs and feet, especially after prolonged activity.

Weakness and Pain

Pain in the feet and legs, often accompanied by weakness.

How Are Flat Feet Treated?

At Ryan Foot and Ankle Clinic, treatment for flat feet begins with a thorough evaluation. Your podiatrist will examine your feet while you are sitting and standing and may use X-rays to assess the severity of the condition. Treatment Options Include:

Orthotics

Custom-designed shoe inserts can correct overpronation and provide support to the arch and rear foot, particularly in mild cases.

Rest and Ice

Resting the feet and applying ice can reduce inflammation and pain.

Stretching and Anti-Inflammatories

Stretching exercises and anti-inflammatory medications can relieve symptoms.

Activity Modification

Avoiding activities that aggravate the arches and limiting walking or running may be recommended.

Physical or Ultrasound Therapies

These therapies can help strengthen the foot and reduce symptoms.

Footwear Adjustments

Wearing shoes with a firm heel counter and proper support can prevent further complications.

Weight Management

Maintaining a healthy weight reduces stress on the arches, especially for those who are overweight.

Surgery

In cases where non-surgical treatments do not relieve symptoms, surgery may be necessary. Surgical options include tendon lengthening, device implants, bone realignment, joint fusions, or tendon transfers.

What to Expect If Surgery Is Required?

If surgery is necessary, your podiatric surgeon will carefully consider the severity of the flat foot deformity, its impact on your quality of life, your activity levels, and your age. A combination of surgical techniques may be used to relieve symptoms and improve foot function. Recovery time will vary depending on the procedures performed.